{"action":"create","ckan_id":null,"date_created":"Fri, 26 Sep 2025 17:15:16 GMT","date_finished":null,"harvest_job_id":"81122ec2-299f-4244-ac0c-1461a97a5bf0","harvest_source_id":"6a011314-1304-4d42-a269-cce59a8e36e0","id":"8c2612b3-ba72-4dd5-8081-6c1cbb713878","identifier":"https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/0087989.xml","parent_identifier":null,"source_hash":"7f771ca7f640beb3b30622077c0589da88af88b2e1480053c1d04412bba2a882","source_raw":"\r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:0087989\r\n \r\n \r\n eng\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-05-28T13:27:11Z\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2:2009(E)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n The Coral Reef Temperature Anomaly Database (CoRTAD) Version 4 - Global, 4 km Sea Surface Temperature and Related Thermal Stress Metrics for 1981-10-31 to 2010-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0087989)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2012-04-10\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2021-10-15\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 10.7289/v59g5jr3\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:0087989\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Archive Management System\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 0087989\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kenneth S. Casey\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n kenneth.casey@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n resourceProvider\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n resourceProvider\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, Kenneth S.\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n kenneth.casey@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Selig, Elizabeth R.\r\n \r\n \r\n Conservation International\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Foti, Gregg\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill (UNC)\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tableDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n The Coral Reef Temperature Anomaly Database (CoRTAD) is a collection of sea surface temperature (SST) and related thermal stress metrics, developed specifically for coral reef ecosystem applications but relevant to other ecosystems as well. The CoRTAD Version 4 contains global, approximately 4 km resolution SST data on a weekly time scale from 1981 through 2010.\r\n\r\nVersion Changes:\r\nVersion 4, 1981-10-31 - 2010-12-31, Global 4320x8640, Tile 540x540, NetCDF-4 Classic\r\nVersion 3, 1982-01-01 - 2009-12-31, Global 4096x8192, Tile 512x512, HDF5\r\nVersion 2, 1982-01-01 - 2008-12-31, Global 4096x8192, Tile 512x512, HDF5\r\nVersion 1, 1985-01-01 - 2005-12-31, Global 4096x8192, Tile 512x512, HDF4\r\nNODC Accession Numbers: v3 0068999; v2 0054501; v1 0044419\r\n\r\nCoRTAD 4 is derived from Pathfinder 5.2 Sea Surface Temperature, while CoRTAD 3 utilized Pathfinder 5.1 and 5.0. CoRTAD 4 has 14 extra months of data, 11 percent more pixels and is produced in NetCDF-Classic format compared to CoRTAD 3. CoRTAD 4 has slightly improved harmonics and contains additional metadata. CoRTAD 4 is compliant with version 1.0 of NODC's NetCDF templates.\r\n\r\nIn addition to SST, the CoRTAD contains SST anomaly (SSTA, weekly SST minus weekly climatological SST), thermal stress anomaly (TSA, weekly SST minus the maximum weekly climatological SST), SSTA Degree Heating Week (SSTA_DHW, sum of previous 12 weeks when SSTA >= 1 degree C), SSTA Frequency (number of times over the previous 52 weeks that SSTA >= 1 degree C), TSA DHW (TSA_DHW, also known as Degree Heating Week, sum of previous 12 weeks when TSA >= 1 degree C), and TSA Frequency (number of times over previous 52 weeks that TSA >=1 degree C). The CoRTAD was created at the NOAA National Oceanographic Data Center in partnership with the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, with support from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program.\r\n\r\nThe purpose of the CoRTAD is to provide sea surface temperature data and related thermal stress parameters with good temporal consistency, high accuracy, and fine spatial resolution. The CoRTAD is intended primarily for climate and ecosystem related applications and studies and was designed specifically to address questions concerning the relationship between coral disease and bleaching and temperature stress.\r\n \r\n \r\n To provide sea surface temperature data and related thermal stress parameters with good temporal consistency, high accuracy, and fine spatial resolution. The CoRTAD is intended primarily for climate and ecosystem related applications and studies and was designed specifically to address questions concerning the relationship between coral disease and bleaching and temperature stress.\r\n \r\n \r\n completed\r\n \r\n \r\n historicalArchive\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n asNeeded\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0087989 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0087989\r\n \r\n \r\n Preview graphic\r\n \r\n \r\n PNG\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 0087989\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2012-04-30\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CORAL\r\n \r\n \r\n FISH - CORAL REEF\r\n \r\n \r\n HABITAT\r\n \r\n \r\n INVERTEBRATE SPECIES\r\n \r\n \r\n SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE\r\n \r\n \r\n WATER TEMPERATURE\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-2\r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-3\r\n \r\n \r\n instrument\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n satellite data\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-11\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-14\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-16\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-17\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-18\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-7\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-9\r\n \r\n \r\n platform\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n COASTAL\r\n \r\n \r\n Coral Reef Information System (CoRIS)\r\n \r\n \r\n CORAL REEF STUDIES\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n World-Wide Distribution\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n WMO_CategoryCode\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2012-09-15\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NODC > National Oceanographic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2068\r\n \r\n \r\n 513\r\n \r\n \r\n C047 The Coral Reef Temperature Anomaly Database\r\n \r\n \r\n The Coral Reef Temperature Anomaly Database\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CRCP Project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Numeric Data Sets > Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Coastal Habitat\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature > AVHRR\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Water Temperature\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Theme Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > COASTAL\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Climate Indicators\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > COASTAL LANDFORMS > CORAL REEFS\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-2 > Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-2\r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-3 > Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-3\r\n \r\n \r\n instrument\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-11 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-11\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-14 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-14\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-16 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-16\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-17 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-17\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-18 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-18\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-7 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-7\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-9 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-9\r\n \r\n \r\n platform\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-11 (ICES code: 3101, 1988-2004)\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-14 (ICES code: 3277, 1994-2007)\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-16 (ICES code: 33J9, 2000-2014)\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-17 (ICES code: 33ZS, 2002-2013)\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-18 (ICES code: 33WM, 2005-2016)\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-7 (ICES code: 33V2, 1981-1986)\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-9 (ICES code: 33OO, 1984-1998)\r\n \r\n \r\n platform\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands (09N168E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Micronesia > Micronesia (07N150E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Palau > Palau > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Texas > West Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0002)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea /North Atlantic Ocean > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > Lesser Antilles > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Gulf of Mexico > Florida\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands (09N168E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Carolines > Micronesia (07N150E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Carolines > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Mariana Archipelago > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Place Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n accessLevel: Public\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Cite as: Casey, Kenneth S.; Selig, Elizabeth R.; Foti, Gregg (2012). The Coral Reef Temperature Anomaly Database (CoRTAD) Version 4 - Global, 4 km Sea Surface Temperature and Related Thermal Stress Metrics for 1981-10-31 to 2010-12-31 (NCEI Accession 0087989). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.7289/v59g5jr3. Accessed [date].\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Polar Orbiter Data User's Guide\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1998-11-30\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n November 1998\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/satellite/publications/podguides/TIROS-N%20thru%20N-14/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Polar Orbiter Data User's Guide\r\n \r\n \r\n TIROS-N thru N-14\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Environmental, Satellite, Data, and Information Services (NESDIS)/National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n US National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n userGuide\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC): Ocean Temperature\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2003-11-07\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/SeaSurfaceTemperature\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/SeaSurfaceTemperature\r\n \r\n \r\n PO.DAAC website\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n US NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, K. S., & Cornillon, P. (1999). A Comparison of Satellite and In Situ\u2013Based Sea Surface Temperature Climatologies. Journal of Climate, 12(6), 1848\u20131863. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<1848:acosai>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1999-06\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<1848:acosai>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<1848:acosai>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<1848:acosai>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, Kenneth S.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cornillon, Peter\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n American Meteorological Society\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n J. Climate\r\n \r\n \r\n 12(6)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 0894-8755, ISSN 1520-0442, pp. 1848-1863\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n sciencePaper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, K. S., & Cornillon, P. (2001). Global and Regional Sea Surface Temperature Trends. Journal of Climate, 14(18), 3801\u20133818. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<3801:garsst>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2001-09\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<3801:garsst>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<3801:garsst>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014<3801:garsst>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, Kenneth S.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cornillon, Peter\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n American Meteorological Society\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n J. Climate\r\n \r\n \r\n 14(18)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 0894-8755, ISSN 1520-0442, pp. 3801-3818\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n sciencePaper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kilpatrick, K. A., Podest\u00e1, G. P., & Evans, R. (2001). Overview of the NOAA/NASA advanced very high resolution radiometer Pathfinder algorithm for sea surface temperature and associated matchup database. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 106(C5), 9179\u20139197. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jc000065\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2001-05-15\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jc000065\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jc000065\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1029/1999jc000065\r\n \r\n \r\n journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kilpatrick, K. A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Podest\u00e1, G. P.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Evans, R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n American Geophysical Union (AGU)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n J. Geophys. Res.\r\n \r\n \r\n 106(C5)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 0148-0227, pp. 9179-9197\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n sciencePaper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Selig, E. R., Casey, K. S., & Bruno, J. F. (2010). New insights into global patterns of ocean temperature anomalies: implications for coral reef health and management. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19(3), 397\u2013411. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00522.x\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2010-04-09\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00522.x\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00522.x\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00522.x\r\n \r\n \r\n related journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Selig, Elizabeth R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, Kenneth S.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bruno, John F.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Wiley\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Ecology and Biogeography\r\n \r\n \r\n 19(3)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 1466-822X, ISSN 1466-8238, pp. 397-411\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n sciencePaper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, Kenneth S.; US National Oceanographic Data Center (2010). The Coral Reef Temperature Anomaly Database (CoRTAD) Version 3 - Global, 4 km Sea Surface Temperature and Related Thermal Stress Metrics for 1982-2009 (NCEI Accession 0068999). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0068999.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2010-12-01\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:0068999\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0068999\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0068999\r\n \r\n \r\n CoRTAD Version 3\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Casey, Kenneth S.\r\n \r\n \r\n US DOC; NOAA; NESDIS; National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n kenneth.casey@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tableDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n US National Oceanographic Data Center (2012): NODC NetCDF Templates v1.0 - Timeseries: Orthogonal\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2012-04-26\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n v1.0\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/netcdf-templates\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/netcdf-templates\r\n \r\n \r\n implementation guidance\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n environment\r\n \r\n \r\n oceans\r\n \r\n \r\n economy\r\n \r\n \r\n climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere\r\n \r\n \r\n biota\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n -180\r\n \r\n \r\n 180\r\n \r\n \r\n -90\r\n \r\n \r\n 90\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1981-10-31\r\n 2010-12-31\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n [Text below adapted from: Selig, E.R., K.S. Casey, and J.F. Bruno (2010). New insights into global patterns of ocean temperature anomalies: implications for coral reef health and management, Global Ecology and Biogeography, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00522.x. Hereafter referred to as \"SCB2010\".]\r\n\r\nThe CoRTAD was developed using data from the Pathfinder Version 5.2 collection produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) and the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science. These sea surface temperature data are derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor and are processed to a resolution of approximately 4.6 km at the equator. These data have the highest resolution covering the longest time period of any satellite-based ocean temperature dataset. Daytime and nighttime data were averaged weekly using data with a quality flag of 4 or better. This level is a commonly accepted cutoff for \"good\" data (Kilpatrick et al., 2001, Casey and Cornillon, 1999). Previous versions of CoRTAD also incorporated pixels up to 5 degrees warmer than a course resolution reference SST based on the Reynolds Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST version 2.0). Since Pathfinder Version 5.2 already uses a finer resolution reference field (25 km Daily OISST) this additional step was not incorporated. These processes resulted in a weekly SST dataset that is roughly 80% gap free.\r\n\r\nTo create a gap-free dataset for analysis, 3 x 3 pixel median spatial fill was used. A temporal fill was performed using the Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial (PCHIP) function in Matlab (The Mathworks Inc.) to fill the remaining gaps. This conservative approach was chosen because it provided interpolated SSTs that are bounded by the nearest available values in time. It also used data from only a very limited spatial domain, which is an important consideration given the variability of coral reef environments.\r\n\r\nUsing these gap-filled data, we then created site-specific climatologies for each reef grid cell to describe long-term temperature patterns over the 29-year dataset (Eqn. 1). The climatology was generated using a harmonic analysis procedure that fits annual and semi-annual signals to the time series of weekly SSTs at each grid cell:\r\n\r\nclimSST(t) = A*cos(2pi*t + B) + C*cos(4pi*t + D) + E (1)\r\n\r\nwhere t is time, A and B are coefficients representing the annual phase and amplitude, C and D are the semi-annual phase and amplitude, and E is the long-term temperature mean. Similar approaches have been used for generating climatologies because they are more robust than simple averaging techniques, which can be more susceptible to data gaps from periods of cloudiness (Podesta et al., 1991, Mesias et al., 2007).\r\n\r\nEarlier CoRTAD versions were derived from Pathfinder 5.0/5.1 which attempted to represent the SST's at depths of about 1 meter, similar to the SST as measured by drifting buoys. Following the recommendations of the Group for High Resolution SST (GHRSST), Pathfinder 5.2 represents the \"skin\" SST that is actually measured by the AVHRR instruments. Thus, Pathfinder Version 5.2 SST's are on average 0.17K lower than those of earlier versions (Donlon et al., 2007). This difference is only in the temperature parameters of CoRTAD, since it is subtracted out in the calculations of the anomalies and all the derived thermal stress metrics.\r\n\r\nAs of the release of CoRTAD version 4 a gap exists in the Pathfinder 5.2 dataset from 1994 day 275 to 1995 day 17 since Level 1B GAC data from NOAA-9 is not available from the NOAA archives. For these 3.5 months SST has been interpolated from Pathfinder 5.0 and 0.17K is subtracted to get the skin temperature.\r\n\r\nTemperature anomaly metrics:\r\n\r\nSeveral metrics could be used to link coral reef ecosystem health with temperature including trophic structure, diversity or percent coral cover (Newman et al., 2006, Roberts et al., 2002, Bruno and Selig, 2007). However, this analysis focused on coral bleaching and disease because they are key drivers of coral decline and their relationships with temperature patterns are better understood (Aronson and Precht, 2001, Bruno et al., 2007, Glynn, 1993). Analyses were performed on two metrics (see Table 1 of SCB2010): one that is commonly known to lead to bleaching (Liu et al., 2003, Strong et al., 2004, Glynn, 1993), and one that is correlated with increased disease severity (Selig et al., 2006, Bruno et al., 2007).\r\n\r\nCoral bleaching results when corals lose their symbiotic zooxanthellae (Glynn, 1993, Glynn, 1996). Bleaching is a natural stress response not only to warm temperatures, but also to cool temperatures (Hoegh-Guldberg and Fine, 2004) as well as light and salinity values different from the normal range (Glynn, 1993). Corals can recover from bleaching, but their ability to do so is dependent on the magnitude and duration of the anomaly event (Glynn, 1993). The temperature thresholds that result in coral bleaching vary by location and species (Berkelmans and Willis, 1999).\r\n\r\nBleaching is often connected to Thermal Stress Anomalies (TSAs), which are defined as areas where temperatures exceed by 1 degree C or more the climatologically warmest week of the year (Table 2, Glynn, 1993). The temperature anomaly thresholds relevant to disease have been studied in only one pathogen-host system (Selig et al., 2006, Bruno et al., 2007). In that system, changes in disease cases were correlated with Weekly Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (WSSTAs), temperatures that were 1 degree C greater than the weekly average for that location. The best metric for predicting bleaching or disease may vary according to location, species, and pathogen (Selig et al., 2006, Bruno et al., 2007, Berkelmans, 2002). For example, bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef was best predicted by the maximum anomaly over a 3 day period (Berkelmans et al., 2004), rather than an anomaly metric like the TSA. Although the 7-day averaging approach in the CoRTAD may be too temporally coarse to capture all bleaching events, it is necessary to maintain consistency and minimize gaps in the dataset across broad spatial scales. In addition, the data are less likely to yield false positives for TSAs and will likely capture most WSSTA events, which have a lower temperature threshold.\r\n\r\nReferences: (see SCB2010 for complete list)\r\n\r\nIn this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n +1-301-713-3277\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.\r\n \r\n \r\n Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n netCDF\r\n \r\n \r\n netCDF-4 classic model\r\n \r\n \r\n NODC_NetCDF_Grid_Template_v0.9, CF-1.6, Unidata Dataset Discovery v1.0\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 214174.98\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/coral-reef-temperature-anomaly-database\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/cortad/Version4/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data.nodc/cortad/Version4/\r\n \r\n \r\n FTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Any FTP client\r\n \r\n \r\n FTP\r\n \r\n \r\n These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds-ocean/catalog/cortad/Version4/catalog.html\r\n \r\n \r\n THREDDS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browsers can browse THREDDS Data Servers and specialized THREDDS software can enable more sophisticated data access and visualizations.\r\n \r\n \r\n THREDDS\r\n \r\n \r\n These data are available through a variety of services via a THREDDS (Thematic Real-time Environmental Distributed Data Services) Data Server (TDS). Depending on the dataset, the TDS can provide WMS, WCS, DAP, HTTP, and other data access and metadata services as well. For more information on the TDS, see http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/thredds/current/tds/.\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.7289/v59g5jr3\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Dataset Landing Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/87989\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n Descriptive Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/87989\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0052/0087989/\r\n \r\n \r\n FTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Any FTP client\r\n \r\n \r\n FTP\r\n \r\n \r\n These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0087989 was revised and v2.2 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2012-04-10T16:16:08Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0087989 v2.2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0087989/2.2\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0087989 v2.2\r\n \r\n \r\n published 2012-04-10T16:16:08Z\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0087989 v1.1 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2021-10-15T13:20:36Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0087989 v1.1\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0087989/1.1\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0087989 v1.1\r\n \r\n \r\n published 2021-10-15T13:20:36Z\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n repository\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2015-04-22T00:00:00\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n asNeeded\r\n \r\n \r\n Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-2\r\n \r\n \r\n Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-2\r\n\r\nThe AVHRR-2 is a multi purpose imaging instrument used for global measurement of cloud cover, sea surface temperature, ice, snow and vegetation cover and characteristics. This instrument was initially carried on NOAA-7 (launched June 1981) and was last flown on NOAA-14 which was decommissioned in 2005. This 5-channel radiometer covering 2 visible and 3 thermal infrared between 0.63 and 12.0 micrometers, has an instantaneous footprint of 1.1 km at the sub satellite point.\r\n\r\nAdditional Information:\r\nhttps://nwpsaf.eu/deliverables/aapp/avhrr_2.html\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-3\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AVHRR-3\r\n \r\n \r\n Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-3\r\n\r\nThe AVHRR-3 is a six channel scanning radiometer providing 3 solar channels in the visible-near infrared region and 3 thermal infrared channels. The AVHRR-3 has two one-micrometer wide channels between 10.3 and 12.5 micrometers. This latest version of AVHRR was first carried on NOAA-15 launched in May 1998 and subsequently in all current NOAA and MetOp platforms. Measuring the same view, this array of diverse wavelengths, after processing, permits multi spectral analysis for more precisely defining hydrologic, oceanographic, and meteorological parameters. Comparison of data from two channels is often used to observe features or measure various environmental parameters. The three channels operating entirely within the infrared band are used to detect the heat radiation from and hence, the temperature of land, water, sea surfaces, and the clouds above them.\r\n\r\nAdditional Information:\r\nhttp://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/pod-guide/ncdc/docs/klm/html/c3/sec3-1.htm\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-11\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/333\r\n\r\nInstruments: AVHRR/2 et al\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-14\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/336\r\n\r\nInstruments: AVHRR/2 et al\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-16\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Updated information from ICES for the platform NOAA-16 from United States.\r\n\r\nName NOAA-16\r\nCountry(s) US: UNITED STATES\r\nPlatform Class 65: Orbiting satellite\r\nNative Name\r\nSynonyms\r\nCall Sign\r\nMMSI\r\nIMO\r\nPennant\r\nTitle\r\nCommissioned Date 2000\r\nDecommissioned Date 2014\r\n\r\nNotes\r\nPolar-orbiting environmental satellite launched September 2000. The NODC has archived AVHRR SST data collected from this platform as part of the Pathfinder project.\r\n\r\nInstruments: AVHRR/3 et al\r\n\r\nInformation Source (URL)\r\nhttps://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/338\r\n\r\nConfirmed by NOAA on 2018-07-17.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-17\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Updated information from ICES for the platform NOAA-17 from United States.\r\n\r\nName NOAA-17\r\nCountry(s) US: UNITED STATES\r\nPlatform Class 65: Orbiting satellite\r\nNative Name\r\nSynonyms\r\nCall Sign\r\nMMSI\r\nIMO\r\nPennant\r\nTitle\r\nCommissioned Date 2002\r\nDecommissioned Date 2013\r\n\r\nNotes\r\nPolar-orbiting environmental satellite launched June 2002. The NODC has archived AVHRR SST data collected from this platform as part of the Pathfinder project.\r\n\r\nInstruments: AVHRR/3 et al\r\n\r\nInformation source (URL)\r\nhttps://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/339\r\n\r\nConfirmed by NOAA on 2018-07-17.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-18\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Updated information from ICES for the platform NOAA-18 from United States.\r\nName NOAA-18\r\nCountry(s) US: UNITED STATES\r\nPlatform Class 65: Orbiting satellite\r\nNative Name\r\nSynonyms\r\nCall Sign\r\nMMSI\r\nIMO\r\nPennant\r\nTitle\r\nCommissioned Date 2005\r\nDecommissioned Date 2016\r\n\r\nNotes\r\nPolar-orbiting environmental satellite launched May 2005 as NOAA-N. The NODC has archived AVHRR SST data collected from this platform as part of the Pathfinder project.\r\n\r\nInstruments: AVHRR/3 et al\r\n\r\nInformation source (URL)\r\nhttps://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/340\r\n\r\nConfirmed by NOAA on 2018-07-17.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-7\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Updated information from ICES for the platform NOAA-7 from UNITED STATES.\r\n\r\nName NOAA-7\r\nCountry(s) US: UNITED STATES\r\nPlatform Class 65: Orbiting satellite\r\nCommissioned Date 1981-06-23\r\nDecommissioned Date 1986-06-07\r\nNotes\r\nSelected global data available from NOAA.\r\nSignificant contribution to Space weather and operational meteorology.\r\n\r\nInformation source (URL)\r\nhttps://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/329\r\n\r\nAll known Instruments flying on NOAA-7\r\n\r\nAcronym\t- Full name\r\nArgos\t- Argos Data Collection System\r\nAVHRR/2\t- Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer / 2\r\nHIRS/2\t- High-resolution Infra Red Sounder / 2\r\nMSU\t- Microwave Sounding Unit\r\nSSU\t- Stratospheric Sounding Unit\r\nSEM/MEPED - SEM / Medium energy proton detector\r\nSEM/TED\t- SEM / Total Energy Detector\r\n\r\nSubmitted to ICES on 2018-07-17.\r\nConfirmed by NOAA on 2018-08-08.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA-9\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Updated information from ICES for the platform NOAA-9 from UNITED STATES.\r\n\r\nName NOAA-9\r\nCountry(s) US: UNITED STATES\r\nPlatform Class 65: Orbiting satellite\r\nConfirmed by NOAA on 2018-08-08.\r\nCommissioned Date 1984-12-12\r\nDecommissioned Date 1998-02-13\r\n\r\nNotes\r\nSelected global operational meteorology data available from NOAA.\r\nSignificant contribution to Atmospheric chemistry and Space weather.\r\n\r\nAll known Instruments flying on NOAA-9\r\n\r\nAcronym\t- Full name\r\nArgos\t\t- Argos Data Collection System\r\nAVHRR/2\t\t- Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer / 2\r\nERBE\t\t- Earth Radiation Budget Experiment\r\nHIRS/2\t\t- High-resolution Infra Red Sounder / 2\r\nMSU\t\t- Microwave Sounding Unit\r\nS&RSAT\t\t- Search & Rescue Satellite-Aided Tracking System\r\nSBUV/2\t\t- Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet / 2\r\nSSU\t\t- Stratospheric Sounding Unit\r\nSEM/MEPED\t- SEM / Medium energy proton detector\r\nSEM/TED\t\t- SEM / Total Energy Detector\r\n\r\nInformation source (URL)\r\nhttps://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/331\r\n\r\nSubmitted to ICES on 2018-07-17.\r\nConfirmed by NOAA on 2018-08-08.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n","source_transform":null,"status":"error"}