{"action":"create","ckan_id":null,"date_created":"Tue, 16 Dec 2025 02:34:06 GMT","date_finished":null,"harvest_job_id":"27e1e2d5-21ce-4ce8-ac29-31a287d211d8","harvest_source_id":"6a011314-1304-4d42-a269-cce59a8e36e0","id":"010a5896-82d8-41a0-9162-b7dd394849fb","identifier":"https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/0304549.xml","parent_identifier":null,"source_hash":"73cae47fddde42d251e8a377038bf1670e226748772bb6e8247e816401c7f713","source_raw":"\r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:0304549\r\n \r\n \r\n eng\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-11-29T08:08:36Z\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2:2009(E)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Database Version 2025 (SOCATv2025) (NCEI Accession 0304549)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-05-30\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-06-25\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 10.25921/648f-fv35\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:0304549\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Archive Management System\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 0304549\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kevin M. 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Jones\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Alex Kozyr\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Siv K. Lauvset\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n sivk@norceresearch.no\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.norceresearch.no/en/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Vlad Alexandru Macovei\r\n \r\n \r\n Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n vlad.macovei@hereon.de\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n nicolas metzl\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat: Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n nicolas.metzl@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n DAVID MUNRO\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n david.munro@colorado.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cires.colorado.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n nakaoka.shinichiro@nies.go.jp\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kevin O'Brien\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n kevin.m.o'brien@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cicoes.uw.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Are Olsen\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Are.Olsen@gfi.uib.no\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uib.no/gfi\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Denis Pierrot\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n denis.pierrot@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tobias Steinhoff\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tsteinhoff@geomar.de\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.geomar.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kevin F. Sullivan\r\n \r\n \r\n Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cimas.earth.miami.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Adrienne Sutton\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Adrienne.Sutton@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Colm Sweeney\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Colm.Sweeney@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://gml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chisato Wada\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n wada.chisato@nies.go.jp\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Rik Wanninkhof\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n principalInvestigator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n John Akl\r\n \r\n \r\n Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lisandro A. Arbilla\r\n \r\n \r\n Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kumiko Azetsu-Scott\r\n \r\n \r\n Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kumiko.Azetsu-Scott@dfo-mpo.gc.ca\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Roman Battisti\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n roman.battisti@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cory M. Beatty\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Montana (UMT)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cory.Beatty@umontana.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Meike Becker\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n mbecker@geomar.de\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uib.no/gfi\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Alice Benoit-Cattin\r\n \r\n \r\n Icelandic Marine Research Institute (MRI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n alice.benoit-cattin@hafogvatn.is\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Carla F. Berghoff\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n cberghoff@inidep.edu.ar\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Henry Bittig\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n henry.bittig@io-warnemuende.de\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.io-warnemuende.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Jennifer A. Bonin\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.usf.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Randy Bott\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cicoes.uw.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Roberto Bozzano\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.cnr.it/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Eugene F. 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Currie\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n kim.currie@niwa.co.nz\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.niwa.cri.nz\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Carlotta Dentico\r\n \r\n \r\n Ca' Foscari University Dorsoduro\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Steven R. 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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.io-warnemuende.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Siyabulela Hamnca\r\n \r\n \r\n Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observatory\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n shamnca@csir.co.za\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nikola Holodkov\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mario Hoppema\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre 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Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n V. Alessandro Laudicella\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nathalie Lefevre\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n nathalie.lefevre@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Coraline Leseurre\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n coraline.leseurre@vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Claire Lo Monaco\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Claire.LoMonaco@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Anna Luchetta\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.cnr.it/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Stacy Maenner Jones\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n stacy.maenner@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Reinaldo A. Maenza\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Anna M. 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Sutherland\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n suth@ldeo.columbia.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Michiel T'Jampens\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Veronica Tamsitt\r\n \r\n \r\n Submarine Scientific LLC\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Maciej Telszewski\r\n \r\n \r\n International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project, Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hannelore Theetaert\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n hannelore.theetaert@vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bronte Tilbrook\r\n \r\n \r\n Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://aappartnership.org.au/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tom Trull\r\n \r\n \r\n Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tom.trull@csiro.au\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mutshutshu Tsanwani\r\n \r\n \r\n Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sebastiaan van de Velde\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Otago\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n sebastiaan.vandevelde@otago.ac.nz\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.otago.ac.nz/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Otago website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Steven van Heuven\r\n \r\n \r\n Energy and Sustainability Research Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mart\u00edn H. Veccia\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Yoana G. Voynova\r\n \r\n \r\n Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht\r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Robert Weller\r\n \r\n \r\n Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.whoi.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nancy Louise Williams\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.usf.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n collaborator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bakker, Dorothee C. E.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of East Anglia (UEA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.uea.ac.uk/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of East Anglia (UEA) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Alin, Simone R.\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Aramaki, Takafumi\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Barbero, Leticia\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bates, Nicholas\r\n \r\n \r\n Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nick.Bates@bios.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.bios.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Gkritzalis, Thanos\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Jones, Steve D.\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kozyr, Alex\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lauvset, Siv K.\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.norceresearch.no/en/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Macovei, Vlad A.\r\n \r\n \r\n Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Metzl, Nicolas\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat: Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Munro, David R.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cires.colorado.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n O'Brien, Kevin M.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cicoes.uw.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Olsen, Are\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uib.no/gfi\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Pierrot, Denis\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Steinhoff, Tobias\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.geomar.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sullivan, Kevin F.\r\n \r\n \r\n Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kevin.Sullivan@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cimas.earth.miami.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sutton, Adrienne J.\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sweeney, Colm\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://gml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Wada, Chisato\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n wada.chisato@nies.go.jp\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Wanninkhof, Rik\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Akl, John\r\n \r\n \r\n Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Arbilla, Lisandro A.\r\n \r\n \r\n Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko\r\n \r\n \r\n Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Battisti, Roman\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n roman.battisti@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Beatty, Cory M.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Montana (UMT)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cory.Beatty@umontana.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Becker, Meike\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uib.no/gfi\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Benoit-Cattin, Alice\r\n \r\n \r\n Icelandic Marine Research Institute (MRI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n alice.benoit-cattin@hafogvatn.is\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Berghoff, Carla F.\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n cberghoff@inidep.edu.ar\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bittig, Henry C.\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.io-warnemuende.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bonin, Jennifer A.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.usf.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bott, Randy\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cicoes.uw.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bozzano, Roberto\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.cnr.it/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Burger, Eugene F.\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Brunetti, Fabio\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cantoni, Carolina\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.cnr.it/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Castelli, Giuliano\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.cnr.it/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chambers, Don P.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.usf.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chierici, Melissa\r\n \r\n \r\n Institute of Marine Research - Norway (IMR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.imr.no/english/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Institute of Marine Research - Norway (IMR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Corbo, Andrea\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cronin, Margot\r\n \r\n \r\n Marine Institute Ireland (MI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.ie/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Marine Institute Ireland (MI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cross, Jessica N.\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Currie, Kim I.\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n kim.currie@niwa.co.nz\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.niwa.cri.nz\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Dentico, Carlotta\r\n \r\n \r\n Ca' Foscari University Dorsoduro\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Emerson, Steven R.\r\n \r\n \r\n UW School of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.ocean.washington.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n UW School of Oceanography website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Enochs, Ian C.\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Enright, Matt P.\r\n \r\n \r\n Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.bios.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Enyo, Kazutaka\r\n \r\n \r\n Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ericson, Ylva\r\n \r\n \r\n Norwegian Polar Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Evans, Wiley\r\n \r\n \r\n Hakai Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://hakai.org/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Hakai Institute website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Fay, Amanda R.\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Feely, Richard A.\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Fragiacomo, Elena\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.cnr.it/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Fransson, Agneta\r\n \r\n \r\n Norwegian Polar Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Gehrung, Martina\r\n \r\n \r\n Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Giani, Michele\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Glockzin, Michael\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.io-warnemuende.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hamnca, Siyabulela\r\n \r\n \r\n Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observatory\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n shamnca@csir.co.za\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Holodkov, Nikola\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hoppema, Mario\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.awi.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ib\u00e1nhez, J. Severino P.\r\n \r\n \r\n Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3ns Mari\u00f1as de Vigo (IIM)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.iim.csic.es/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3ns Mari\u00f1as de Vigo (IIM) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kadono, Koji\r\n \r\n \r\n Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kamb, Linus\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kralj, Martina\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kristensen, Torstein\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uib.no/gfi\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Laudicella, V. Alessandro\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://ogs.trieste.it/en/content/institute\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lef\u00e8vre, Nathalie\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Leseurre, Coraline\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lo Monaco, Claire\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Maenner Jones, Stacy\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n stacy.maenner@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Maenza, Reinaldo A.\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n McAuliffe, Anna M.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cires.colorado.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mdokwana, Baxolele\r\n \r\n \r\n Oceans and Coastal Research, Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Monacci, Natalie M.\r\n \r\n \r\n UAF College of Fisheries and Ocean Science (UAF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.uaf.edu/cfos/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n UAF College of Fisheries and Ocean Science (UAF) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Musielewicz, Sylvia\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n sylvia.musielewicz@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Neill, Craig\r\n \r\n \r\n Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Newberger, Tim\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tim.Newberger@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cires.colorado.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nojiri, Yukihiro\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ohman, Mark D.\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir, S\u00f3lveig R\u00f3sa\r\n \r\n \r\n Icelandic Marine Research Institute (MRI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.hafogvatn.is/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Icelandic Marine Research Institute (MRI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Olivier, L\u00e9a\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.awi.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Omar, Abdirahman M.\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.norceresearch.no/en/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Osborne, John\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cicoes.uw.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Pensieri, Sara\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.cnr.it/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Research Council (CNR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Petersen, Wilhelm\r\n \r\n \r\n Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Plueddemann, Albert J.\r\n \r\n \r\n Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.whoi.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Rehder, Gregor\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.io-warnemuende.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Roden, Nicholas P.\r\n \r\n \r\n Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.niva.no/en/index\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Rutgersson, Anna\r\n \r\n \r\n Uppsala University\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uu.se/en\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Uppsala University website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sall\u00e9e, Jean-Baptiste\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du 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information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Skjelvan, Ingunn\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.norceresearch.no/en/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sutherland, Stewart C.\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n suth@ldeo.columbia.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n T'Jampens, Michiel\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tamsitt, Veronica\r\n \r\n \r\n Submarine Scientific LLC\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Telszewski, Maciej\r\n \r\n \r\n International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project, Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Theetaert, Hannelore\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tilbrook, Bronte\r\n \r\n \r\n Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://aappartnership.org.au/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Trull, Tom\r\n \r\n \r\n Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tom.trull@csiro.au\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tsanwani, Mutshutshu\r\n \r\n \r\n Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n van de Velde, Sebastiaan\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Otago\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.otago.ac.nz/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Otago website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n van Heuven, Steven M. A. 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\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Williams, Nancy L.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.usf.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Marine Institute Ireland (MI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.ie/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Marine Institute Ireland (MI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.niwa.cri.nz\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited (NIWA) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.locean.ipsl.fr/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques (LOCEAN) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.argentina.gob.ar/inidep\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development (INIDEP) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Uppsala University\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uu.se/en\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Uppsala University website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://bjerknes.uib.no/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cires.colorado.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences (CIRES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.geomar.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.io-warnemuende.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde (IOW) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of Cape Town, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://science.uct.ac.za/department-egs\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Cape Town, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Japan Meteorological Agency, Climate and Maritime Meteorology Department\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of Otago\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.otago.ac.nz/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Otago website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.vliz.be\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.marine.usf.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n UAF College of Fisheries and Ocean Science (UAF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.uaf.edu/cfos/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n UAF College of Fisheries and Ocean Science (UAF) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sorbonne University (SU)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.sorbonne-universite.fr/en\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Sorbonne University (SU) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hakai Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://hakai.org/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Hakai Institute website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of Montana (UMT)\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://cicoes.uw.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies (CICOES) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.norceresearch.no/en/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.bios.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (BIOS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Icelandic Marine Research Institute (MRI)\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.uib.no/gfi\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute (GFI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Norwegian Polar Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n IO PAS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.iopan.gda.pl/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n IO PAS website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.whoi.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)\r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.awi.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tableDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n The ocean absorbs one quarter of the global CO2 emissions from human activity. The community-led Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (www.socat.info) is key for the quantification of ocean CO2 uptake and its variation, now and in the future. SOCAT version 2025 has quality-controlled in situ surface ocean fCO2 (fugacity of CO2) measurements on ships, moorings, sailing yachts, autonomous and drifting surface platforms for the global ocean and coastal seas from 1957 to 2025. The main SOCAT synthesis and gridded products contain fCO2 values with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 \u03bcatm. Sensor fCO2 data with an estimated accuracy of better than 10 \u03bcatm are separately available. During secondary quality control, marine scientists assign a flag to each data set, as well as WOCE flags of 2 (good), 3 (questionable) or 4 (bad) to individual fCO2 values. Data sets are assigned flags of A and B for an estimated accuracy of better than 2 \u03bcatm, flag of C (and D) for an accuracy of better than 5 \u03bcatm and a flag of E for an accuracy of better than 10 \u03bcatm. Bakker et al. (2016) describe the quality control criteria used from SOCAT version 3 onward. SOCAT quality control cookbooks provide quality control updates (www.socat.info), with (Gkritzalis et al., 2024) used for version 2025. Quality control comments for individual data sets can be accessed via the SOCAT Data Set Viewer (www.socat.info). All data sets, where data quality has been deemed acceptable, have been made public. The main SOCAT synthesis files and the gridded products contain all data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 \u00b5atm (data set flags of A to D) and fCO2 values with a WOCE flag of 2. Access to data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 10 \u00b5atm (flag of E) and fCO2 values with flags of 3 and 4 is via additional data products and the Data Set Viewer (Table 8 in Bakker et al., 2016). SOCAT publishes a global gridded product with a 1\u00b0 longitude by 1\u00b0 latitude resolution without gap filling. A second product with a higher resolution of 0.25\u00b0 longitude by 0.25\u00b0 latitude is available for the coastal seas. The gridded products contain all data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 \u00b5atm (data set flags of A to D) and fCO2 values with a WOCE flag of 2. Gridded products are available monthly, per year and per decade. Two powerful, interactive, online viewers, the Data Set Viewer and the Gridded Data Viewer (www.socat.info), enable investigation of the SOCAT synthesis and gridded data products. SOCAT data products can be downloaded. Matlab code is available for reading these files. Ocean Data View also provides access to the SOCAT data products (www.socat.info). SOCAT data products are discoverable, accessible and citable. The SOCAT Data Use Statement (www.socat.info) asks users to generously acknowledge the contribution of SOCAT scientists by invitation to co-authorship, especially for data providers in regional studies, and/or reference to relevant scientific articles. It also asks users to cite the relevant SOCAT data set, the relevant methods paper(s), and to use acknowledgement text (https://socat.info/index.php/citing-socat/). The SOCAT website (www.socat.info) provides a single access point for online viewers, downloadable data sets, the Data Use Statement, a list of contributors and an overview of scientific publications on SOCAT and using SOCAT. Automation of data upload and initial data checks have allowed annual releases of SOCAT from version 4 onwards. Automation of metadata upload is ongoing. SOCAT is used for quantification of ocean CO2 uptake and ocean acidification and for evaluation of earth system models and sensor data. SOCAT products inform on ocean CO2 uptake in the annual Global Carbon Budget since 2013. SOCAT is a key element of the World Meteorological Organization\u2019s (WMO) Global Greenhouse Gas Watch (G3W) program and is a key resource for Copernicus\u2019 evaluations. The annual SOCAT releases by the SOCAT scientific community contribute to United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 and SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and to the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. However, since 2022 SOCAT critically relies on support provided by the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the US. This has been sufficient to keep the basic operation running, however this limited support has resulted in SOCAT data architecture not being updated, leading to a system with limited resilience that is highly vulnerable to external factors. Hundreds of peer-reviewed scientific publications and high-impact reports cite SOCAT. The SOCAT community-led synthesis product is a key step in the value chain based on in situ surface ocean carbon measurements, which provides policy makers with critical information on ocean CO2 uptake for policy makers. The need for accurate knowledge of global ocean CO2 uptake and its (future) variation makes sustained funding of in situ surface ocean CO2 observations and their synthesis imperative.\r\n \r\n \r\n To provide the synthesis and gridded, quality controlled, observational products of surface ocean fCO2 (fugacity of carbon dioxide) for the global oceans and coastal seas\r\n \r\n \r\n Funding Information: Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division of NOAA's Climate Program Office, EU, NSF, Japan Climate Research Programs (Surface Water pCO2 measurements from ships; High-Resolution Ocean and Atmosphere pCO2 Time-Series Measurements)\r\n \r\n \r\n completed\r\n \r\n \r\n historicalArchive\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n asNeeded\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0304549 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0304549\r\n \r\n \r\n Preview graphic\r\n \r\n \r\n PNG\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 0304549\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-05-28\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n BAROMETRIC PRESSURE\r\n \r\n \r\n Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere\r\n \r\n \r\n partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water\r\n \r\n \r\n SALINITY - SURFACE WATER\r\n \r\n \r\n WATER TEMPERATURE\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n barometric pressure sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n bubble type equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement\r\n \r\n \r\n carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer\r\n \r\n \r\n salinometer\r\n \r\n \r\n showerhead equilibrator\r\n \r\n \r\n temperature sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n instrument\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n chemical\r\n \r\n \r\n meteorological\r\n \r\n \r\n physical\r\n \r\n \r\n surface underway\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS\r\n \r\n \r\n platform\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research\r\n \r\n \r\n Argentina National Institute for Fishery Research and Development\r\n \r\n \r\n Bedford Institute of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences\r\n \r\n \r\n Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research\r\n \r\n \r\n Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel\r\n \r\n \r\n Hakai Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon\r\n \r\n \r\n Icelandic Marine Research Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n IO PAS\r\n \r\n \r\n Japan Meteorological Agency, Climate and Maritime Meteorology Department\r\n \r\n \r\n Laboratoire d'Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat : Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques\r\n \r\n \r\n Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory\r\n \r\n \r\n Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnem\u00fcnde\r\n \r\n \r\n Marine Institute Ireland\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute for Environmental Studies\r\n \r\n \r\n National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory\r\n \r\n \r\n NORCE Norwegian Research Centre\r\n \r\n \r\n Norwegian Polar Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n Sorbonne University\r\n \r\n \r\n UAF College of Fisheries and Ocean Science\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen, Geophysical Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Cape Town, Department of Environmental and Geographical Science\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Colorado Boulder, Cooperative Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Montana\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Otago\r\n \r\n \r\n University of South Florida College of Marine Science\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Washington Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean and Ecosystem Studies\r\n \r\n \r\n Uppsala University\r\n \r\n \r\n Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global CO2 Time-series and Moorings Project (CDIAC)\r\n \r\n \r\n Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP)\r\n \r\n \r\n Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT)\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Arctic Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n Indian Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n North Atlantic Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n North Pacific Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n South Atlantic Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n South Pacific Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n Southern Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n World-Wide Distribution\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n WMO_CategoryCode\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2012-09-15\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n AWI > Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research\r\n \r\n \r\n BE/VLIZ > Flanders Marine Institute, Belgium\r\n \r\n \r\n BJERKNES > Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research\r\n \r\n \r\n CA/DFO/BIO > Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans, Canada\r\n \r\n \r\n COLUMBIA/LDEO > Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University\r\n \r\n \r\n DE/GEOMAR > GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany\r\n \r\n \r\n DOC/NOAA/OAR/AOML > Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce\r\n \r\n \r\n DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce\r\n \r\n \r\n IE/MARINE > Marine Institute, Ireland\r\n \r\n \r\n IOW > Leibniz Institute Baltic Sea Research Institute, Warnemuende, Germany\r\n \r\n \r\n JP/JMA > Japan Meteorological Agency, Japan\r\n \r\n \r\n JP/NIES > National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan\r\n \r\n \r\n NO/NPI > Norwegian Polar Institute, Norway\r\n \r\n \r\n U-BERGEN/GEOPH > Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen\r\n \r\n \r\n UAK > University of Alaska, School of Fisheries\r\n \r\n \r\n UCO/CIRES > Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado\r\n \r\n \r\n UMT > University of Montana\r\n \r\n \r\n WHOI > WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Multiple\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cruise ID\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Multiple\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n EXPOCODE\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ocean Acidification Search Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Coastal Carbon Project\r\n \r\n \r\n Moorings and Time Series project\r\n \r\n \r\n SOOP\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Reference Section ID\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Coastal Carbon Project\r\n \r\n \r\n Moorings and Time Series Project\r\n \r\n \r\n Ship Of Opportunity Program (SOOP)\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Research Projects\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Data synthesis product\r\n \r\n \r\n Surface measurement\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n OCADS Study Type\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n SOCAT\r\n \r\n \r\n SOCATv2025 Data Synthesis Product\r\n \r\n \r\n SOCATv2025 database\r\n \r\n \r\n SOCATv2025 gridded data product\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Provider Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ATM_PPRE\r\n \r\n \r\n EQ_PRE\r\n \r\n \r\n EQ_TMP\r\n \r\n \r\n SSS\r\n \r\n \r\n SST\r\n \r\n \r\n fCO2\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Provider Variable Abbreviations\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n BAROMETERS > BAROMETERS\r\n \r\n \r\n CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS\r\n \r\n \r\n EQUILIBRATORS\r\n \r\n \r\n SALINOMETERS\r\n \r\n \r\n TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS\r\n \r\n \r\n instrument\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Arctic Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n Atlantic Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n Indian Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n Pacific Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n Southern Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Provider Geographic Names\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n accessLevel: Public\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Cite as: Bakker, Dorothee C. E.; Alin, Simone R.; Aramaki, Takafumi; Barbero, Leticia; Bates, Nicholas; Gkritzalis, Thanos; Jones, Steve D.; Kozyr, Alex; Lauvset, Siv K.; Macovei, Vlad A.; Metzl, Nicolas; Munro, David R.; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; O'Brien, Kevin M.; Olsen, Are; Pierrot, Denis; Steinhoff, Tobias; Sullivan, Kevin F.; Sutton, Adrienne J.; Sweeney, Colm; Wada, Chisato; Wanninkhof, Rik; Akl, John; Arbilla, Lisandro A.; Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko; Battisti, Roman; Beatty, Cory M.; Becker, Meike; Benoit-Cattin, Alice; Berghoff, Carla F.; Bittig, Henry C.; Bonin, Jennifer A.; Bott, Randy; Bozzano, Roberto; Burger, Eugene F.; Brunetti, Fabio; Cantoni, Carolina; Castelli, Giuliano; Chambers, Don P.; Chierici, Melissa; Corbo, Andrea; Cronin, Margot; Cross, Jessica N.; Currie, Kim I.; Dentico, Carlotta; Emerson, Steven R.; Enochs, Ian C.; Enright, Matt P.; Enyo, Kazutaka; Ericson, Ylva; Evans, Wiley; Fay, Amanda R.; Feely, Richard A.; Fragiacomo, Elena; Fransson, Agneta; Gehrung, Martina; Giani, Michele; Glockzin, Michael; Hamnca, Siyabulela; Holodkov, Nikola; Hoppema, Mario; Ib\u00e1nhez, J. Severino P.; Kadono, Koji; Kamb, Linus; Kralj, Martina; Kristensen, Torstein; Laudicella, V. Alessandro; Lef\u00e8vre, Nathalie; Leseurre, Coraline; Lo Monaco, Claire; Maenner Jones, Stacy; Maenza, Reinaldo A.; McAuliffe, Anna M.; Mdokwana, Baxolele; Monacci, Natalie M.; Musielewicz, Sylvia; Neill, Craig; Newberger, Tim; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Ohman, Mark D.; \u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir, S\u00f3lveig R\u00f3sa; Olivier, L\u00e9a; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Osborne, John; Pensieri, Sara; Petersen, Wilhelm; Plueddemann, Albert J.; Rehder, Gregor; Roden, Nicholas P.; Rutgersson, Anna; Sall\u00e9e, Jean-Baptiste; Sanders, Richard; Sarpe, Dirk; Schirnick, Carsten; Schlitzer, Reiner; Send, Uwe; Skjelvan, Ingunn; Sutherland, Stewart C.; T'Jampens, Michiel; Tamsitt, Veronica; Telszewski, Maciej; Theetaert, Hannelore; Tilbrook, Bronte; Trull, Tom; Tsanwani, Mutshutshu; van de Velde, Sebastiaan; van Heuven, Steven M. A. C.; Veccia, Mart\u00edn H.; Voynova, Yoana G.; Weller, Robert A.; Williams, Nancy L. (2025). Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas Database Version 2025 (SOCATv2025) (NCEI Accession 0304549). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/648f-fv35. Accessed [date].\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n license\r\n \r\n \r\n This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License.\r\n \r\n \r\n SPDX License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Landa, C. S., Metzl, N., O\u2019Brien, K. M., Olsen, A., Smith, K., Cosca, C., Harasawa, S., Jones, S. D., Nakaoka, S., Nojiri, Y., Schuster, U., Steinhoff, T., Sweeney, C., Takahashi, T., Tilbrook, B., Wada, C., Wanninkhof, R., \u2026 Xu, S. (2016). A multi-decade record of high-quality fCO2 data in version 3 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT). Earth System Science Data, 8(2), 383\u2013413. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2016-09-15\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-383-2016\r\n \r\n \r\n related journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bakker, Dorothee C. 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\r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bozec, Yann\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Burger, Eugene F.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cai, Wei-Jun\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Delaware\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.udel.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Delaware website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Castle, Robert D.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chen, Liqi\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chierici, Melissa\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Currie, Kim\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Evans, Wiley\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n 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\r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hauck, Judith\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum f\u00c3\u00bcr Polar- und Meeresforschung\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hoppema, Mario\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.awi.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Humphreys, Matthew P.\r\n \r\n \r\n Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.nioz.nl/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hunt, Christopher W.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Huss, Betty\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ib\u00e1nhez, J. Severino P.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Johannessen, Truls\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Keeling, Ralph\r\n \r\n \r\n University of California, San Diego\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kitidis, Vassilis\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n K\u00f6rtzinger, Arne\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.geomar.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kozyr, Alex\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Krasakopoulou, Evangelia\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kuwata, Akira\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Landsch\u00fctzer, Peter\r\n \r\n \r\n Flanders Marine Institute\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lauvset, Siv K.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lef\u00e8vre, Nathalie\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lo Monaco, Claire\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Manke, Ansley\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mathis, Jeremy T.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Merlivat, Liliane\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Millero, Frank J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Monteiro, Pedro M. 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A. C.\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener-Institut f\u00c3\u00bcr Polar und Meeresforschung\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.awi.de/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Alfred-Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Vandemark, Doug\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ward, Brian\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Watson, Andrew J.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Exeter\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n http://www.exeter.ac.uk/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTP\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Exeter website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Xu, Suqing\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Copernicus GmbH\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Syst. Sci. Data\r\n \r\n \r\n 8(2)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 383-413\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sabine, C. L., Hankin, S., Koyuk, H., Bakker, D. C. E., Pfeil, B., Olsen, A., Metzl, N., Kozyr, A., Fassbender, A., Manke, A., Malczyk, J., Akl, J., Alin, S. R., Bellerby, R. G. J., Borges, A., Boutin, J., Brown, P. J., Cai, W.-J., Chavez, F. P., \u2026 Yoshikawa-Inoue, H. (2013). Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) gridded data products. Earth System Science Data, 5(1), 145\u2013153. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2013-04-04\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-145-2013\r\n \r\n \r\n related journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sabine, C. L.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hankin, S.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Koyuk, H.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bakker, D. C. E.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of East Anglia\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Pfeil, B.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Olsen, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Bergen\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Metzl, N.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Kozyr, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Fassbender, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Manke, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Malczyk, J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Akl, J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Alin, S. R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bellerby, R. G. J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Borges, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Boutin, J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Brown, P. J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cai, W.-J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chavez, F. P.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chen, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Cosca, C.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Feely, R. A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Gonz\u00e1lez-D\u00e1vila, M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Goyet, C.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hardman-Mountford, N.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Heinze, C.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hoppema, M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hunt, C. W.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hydes, D.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ishii, M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Johannessen, T.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Key, R. M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n K\u00f6rtzinger, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Landsch\u00fctzer, P.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lauvset, S. K.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lef\u00e8vre, N.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lenton, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Lourantou, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Merlivat, L.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Midorikawa, T.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mintrop, L.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Miyazaki, C.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Murata, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nakadate, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nakano, Y.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nakaoka, S.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Nojiri, Y.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Omar, A. M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Padin, X. A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Park, G.-H.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Paterson, K.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Perez, F. F.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Pierrot, D.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Poisson, A.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n R\u00edos, A. F.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Salisbury, J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Santana-Casiano, J. M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sarma, V. V. S. S.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Schlitzer, R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Schneider, B.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Schuster, U.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Sieger, R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Skjelvan, I.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Steinhoff, T.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Suzuki, T.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Takahashi, T.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tedesco, K.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Telszewski, M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Thomas, H.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Tilbrook, B.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Vandemark, D.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Veness, T.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Watson, A. J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Weiss, R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Wong, C. S.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Yoshikawa-Inoue, H.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Copernicus GmbH\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Syst. Sci. Data\r\n \r\n \r\n 5(1)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 1866-3516, pp. 145-153\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Gkritzalis, T., Bakker, D. C. E., Lauvset, S. K. And Steinhoff, T. (2024) SOCAT Quality Control Cookbook \u2013 For version 2025 of the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas. 26 pp. Published on 18/12/2024. Available here: https://socat.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024_SOCAT_QC_Cookbook_Update.pdf. Last access 22/05/2025.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2024\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://socat.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024_SOCAT_QC_Cookbook_Update.pdf. Last access 22/05/2025\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://socat.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024_SOCAT_QC_Cookbook_Update.pdf. Last access 22/05/2025\r\n \r\n \r\n related publication or dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n SOCAT\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.socat.info/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.socat.info/\r\n \r\n \r\n related resource\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n SOCATv2025 ODV collection\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://odv.awi.de/data/ocean/socat-fco2-data/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://odv.awi.de/data/ocean/socat-fco2-data/\r\n \r\n \r\n related resource\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n SOCATv2025 ODV collection online via webODV\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://explore.webodv.awi.de/ocean/carbon/socat/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://explore.webodv.awi.de/ocean/carbon/socat/\r\n \r\n \r\n related resource\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2022-04\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system\r\n \r\n \r\n OCADS website\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n [accessed 2024-02-08]\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n program\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ships Of Opportunity Program (SOOP) Data\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2022\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/\r\n \r\n \r\n related resource\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n GlobaL CO2 Time-Series and Moorings Project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2022\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/time_series_moorings.html\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/time_series_moorings.html\r\n \r\n \r\n related resource\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) Data\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2022\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ASV/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ASV/\r\n \r\n \r\n related resource\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n environment\r\n \r\n \r\n oceans\r\n \r\n \r\n climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n -180\r\n \r\n \r\n 180\r\n \r\n \r\n -90\r\n \r\n \r\n 90\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1957-10-22\r\n 2025-01-31\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n +1-301-713-3277\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.\r\n \r\n \r\n Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Originator data format\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 26035.78\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0304549.html\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n Project Metadata\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.25921/648f-fv35\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Dataset Landing Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/304549\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n Descriptive Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/304549\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0237/0304549/\r\n \r\n \r\n FTP\r\n \r\n \r\n Any FTP client\r\n \r\n \r\n FTP\r\n \r\n \r\n These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0304549 v1.1 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-05-30T18:04:07Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0304549 v1.1\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0304549/1.1\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0304549 v1.1\r\n \r\n \r\n published 2025-05-30T18:04:07Z\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0304549 was revised and v1.2 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n Additional metadata files were received or created for this dataset. These updates were copied into the about/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-06-25T16:09:34Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0304549 v1.2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0304549/1.2\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0304549 v1.2\r\n \r\n \r\n published 2025-06-25T16:09:34Z\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous;\r\nAbbreviation: fCO2;\r\nUnit: uatm;\r\nObservation type: Surface underway;\r\nMeasured or calculated: fCO2 recomputed from the raw data;\r\nEquilibrator type:;\r\nEquilibrator volume:;\r\nHow was pressure inside the equilibrator measured:;\r\nSEA CO2 gas detector resolution: Accuracy: better than 5 uatm;\r\nQuality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value;\r\nResearcher name: SOCAT Team\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Salinity;\r\nAbbreviation: SSS;\r\nObservation type: measured, data synthesis;\r\nResearcher name: SOCAT team\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature;\r\nAbbreviation: SST;\r\nUnit: Deg. C;\r\nObservation type: measured, data synthesis;\r\nResearcher name: SOCAT Team\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Parameter or Variable: Atmospheric Pressure;\r\nAbbreviation: ATM_PPRE;\r\nUnit: DBAR;\r\nObservation type: measured, data synthesis;\r\nResearcher name: SOCAT Team\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Parameter or Variable: Pressure at Equilibrator;\r\nAbbreviation: EQ_PRE;\r\nUnit: DBAR;\r\nObservation type: measured, data synthesis;\r\nResearcher name: SOCAT Team\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Parameter or Variable: Water Temperature at Equilibrator;\r\nAbbreviation: EQ_TMP;\r\nUnit: Deg. C;\r\nObservation type: measured, data synthesis;\r\nResearcher name: SOCAT Team\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n asNeeded\r\n \r\n \r\n Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n barometric pressure sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n barometric pressure sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n bubble type equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n bubble type equilibrator for autonomous carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement\r\n \r\n \r\n This type of equilibrators are often used on buoys.\r\n\r\nDeveloped by Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory and Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, the h-shaped bubble equilibrator does not require a water pump to spray water from the top.\r\n\r\nsee Takahashi 1961 for more information.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer\r\n \r\n \r\n measures gaseous carbon dioxide\r\n\r\nCarbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption.\r\n\r\nCarbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water.\r\n\r\nTo measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n salinometer\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n salinometer\r\n \r\n \r\n generic salinometer\r\n\r\nuse salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n showerhead equilibrator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n showerhead equilibrator\r\n \r\n \r\n extracts dissolved CO2 from water\r\n\r\nA carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside.\r\n\r\nCarbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water.\r\n\r\nTo measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n temperature sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n temperature sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n A sensor used to measure temperature.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n VARIOUS CHARTERED VESSELS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n","source_transform":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"non-public","contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information","hasEmail":"mailto:ncei.info@noaa.gov"},"describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"The ocean absorbs one quarter of the global CO2 emissions from human activity. The community-led Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (www.socat.info) is key for the quantification of ocean CO2 uptake and its variation, now and in the future. SOCAT version 2025 has quality-controlled in situ surface ocean fCO2 (fugacity of CO2) measurements on ships, moorings, sailing yachts, autonomous and drifting surface platforms for the global ocean and coastal seas from 1957 to 2025. The main SOCAT synthesis and gridded products contain fCO2 values with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 \u03bcatm. Sensor fCO2 data with an estimated accuracy of better than 10 \u03bcatm are separately available. During secondary quality control, marine scientists assign a flag to each data set, as well as WOCE flags of 2 (good), 3 (questionable) or 4 (bad) to individual fCO2 values. Data sets are assigned flags of A and B for an estimated accuracy of better than 2 \u03bcatm, flag of C (and D) for an accuracy of better than 5 \u03bcatm and a flag of E for an accuracy of better than 10 \u03bcatm. Bakker et al. (2016) describe the quality control criteria used from SOCAT version 3 onward. SOCAT quality control cookbooks provide quality control updates (www.socat.info), with (Gkritzalis et al., 2024) used for version 2025. Quality control comments for individual data sets can be accessed via the SOCAT Data Set Viewer (www.socat.info). All data sets, where data quality has been deemed acceptable, have been made public. The main SOCAT synthesis files and the gridded products contain all data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 \u00b5atm (data set flags of A to D) and fCO2 values with a WOCE flag of 2. Access to data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 10 \u00b5atm (flag of E) and fCO2 values with flags of 3 and 4 is via additional data products and the Data Set Viewer (Table 8 in Bakker et al., 2016). SOCAT publishes a global gridded product with a 1\u00b0 longitude by 1\u00b0 latitude resolution without gap filling. A second product with a higher resolution of 0.25\u00b0 longitude by 0.25\u00b0 latitude is available for the coastal seas. The gridded products contain all data sets with an estimated accuracy of better than 5 \u00b5atm (data set flags of A to D) and fCO2 values with a WOCE flag of 2. Gridded products are available monthly, per year and per decade. Two powerful, interactive, online viewers, the Data Set Viewer and the Gridded Data Viewer (www.socat.info), enable investigation of the SOCAT synthesis and gridded data products. SOCAT data products can be downloaded. Matlab code is available for reading these files. Ocean Data View also provides access to the SOCAT data products (www.socat.info). SOCAT data products are discoverable, accessible and citable. The SOCAT Data Use Statement (www.socat.info) asks users to generously acknowledge the contribution of SOCAT scientists by invitation to co-authorship, especially for data providers in regional studies, and/or reference to relevant scientific articles. It also asks users to cite the relevant SOCAT data set, the relevant methods paper(s), and to use acknowledgement text (https://socat.info/index.php/citing-socat/). The SOCAT website (www.socat.info) provides a single access point for online viewers, downloadable data sets, the Data Use Statement, a list of contributors and an overview of scientific publications on SOCAT and using SOCAT. Automation of data upload and initial data checks have allowed annual releases of SOCAT from version 4 onwards. Automation of metadata upload is ongoing. SOCAT is used for quantification of ocean CO2 uptake and ocean acidification and for evaluation of earth system models and sensor data. SOCAT products inform on ocean CO2 uptake in the annual Global Carbon Budget since 2013. SOCAT is a key element of the World Meteorological Organization\u2019s (WMO) Global Greenhouse Gas Watch (G3W) program and is a key resource for Copernicus\u2019 evaluations. The annual SOCAT releases by the SOCAT scientific community contribute to United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 and SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and to the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. However, since 2022 SOCAT critically relies on support provided by the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the US. This has been sufficient to keep the basic operation running, however this limited support has resulted in SOCAT data architecture not being updated, leading to a system with limited resilience that is highly vulnerable to external factors. Hundreds of peer-reviewed scientific publications and high-impact reports cite SOCAT. The SOCAT community-led synthesis product is a key step in the value chain based on in situ surface ocean carbon measurements, which provides policy makers with critical information on ocean CO2 uptake for policy makers. The need for accurate knowledge of global ocean CO2 uptake and its (future) variation makes sustained funding of in situ surface ocean CO2 observations and their synthesis imperative.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","accessURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0304549.html","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.","title":"Project Metadata"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.25921/648f-fv35","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Dataset Landing Page"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/304549","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"Descriptive Information"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/304549","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"HTTPS"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). 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