{"action":"create","ckan_id":null,"date_created":"Thu, 29 Jan 2026 22:27:45 GMT","date_finished":null,"harvest_job_id":"f2fbbda9-b203-433f-8975-c0200ce3deab","harvest_source_id":"6a011314-1304-4d42-a269-cce59a8e36e0","id":"01042068-8563-41fc-aa85-798b8e1a050a","identifier":"https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/accessions/iso/xml/SIO-cDrake-LADCP.xml","parent_identifier":null,"source_hash":"475ed39ec1e08dd1d10b5d24ed1871433ecdd17dfed74972613ecc37c1511b8d","source_raw":"\r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:SIO-cDrake-LADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n eng\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n series\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025-05-16T12:51:29Z\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2:2009(E)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ocean currents from lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers (LADCP) of the cDrake Experiment in the Drake Passage with annual cruises of the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer from 2007 to 2011 assembled at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-03\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-14\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-01\r\n \r\n \r\n creation\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:SIO-cDrake-LADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Teresa K. Chereskin\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tchereskin@ucsd.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n resourceProvider\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n resourceProvider\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Chereskin, Teresa K.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of California - San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tchereskin@ucsd.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://scripps.ucsd.edu/\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) website\r\n \r\n \r\n Institution web page\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n contributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tableDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n This collection holds the lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP) data collected from annual cruises within October to December on the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer as part of the cDrake Experiment 2007-2011. The goal of cDrake was to quantify the transport and understand the dynamical balances of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in Drake Passage. For this purpose, a transport line and a local dynamics array of Current and Pressure recording Inverted Echo Sounders (CPIES) and current meter moorings were deployed, spanning all of Drake Passage. Annual cruises were made to deploy (NBP0710), obtain data from (NBP0812, NBP0908, NBP1004) and recover (NBP1107) the CPIES. On each cruise, full depth CTD/LADCP profile casts were made for the purpose of calibrating the CPIES.\r\n\r\nThe LADCP provides a full-depth profile of ocean current from a self-contained ADCP mounted on the CTD rosette. Using the conventional \"shear method\" for processing (Fischer and Visbeck, 1993), overlapping profiles of vertical shear of horizontal velocity are averaged and gridded, to form a full-depth shear profile. The shear profile is integrated vertically to obtain the baroclinic velocity (velocity profile with zero depth-averaged mean value); the unknown integration constant is the depth-averaged or barotropic velocity. This barotropic component is computed as the sum of the time-averaged, measured velocity and the ship drift (minus a small correction, less than 1 cm/s, to account for a nonconstant fall rate). A newer method (\"inverse method\") improves the calculation by adding additional constraints, such as shipboard ADCP (SADCP) and bottom tracking, to solve for the velocity profile using a linear least squares inverse technique (Visbeck, 2002).\r\n\r\nLowered ADCP data makes use of ancillary information to produce the processed data product. The ancillary datasets include CTD data (used to estimate speed of sound, depth, vertical velocity), GPS (used to estimate ship drift), magnetic declination (for ADCP magnetic compass correction), and shipboard ADCP (added as a constraint for the inverse method). Data files for the processed set are in ASCII text and NetCDF. Raw data are given in a variety of formats, some proprietary binary files, and made available in case a user prefers to reprocess the set from \u201clevel-0\u201d status.\r\n \r\n \r\n To quantify the transport and understand the dynamical balances of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (AAC) in the Drake Passage.\r\n \r\n \r\n completed\r\n \r\n \r\n historicalArchive\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n asNeeded\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:SIO-cDrake-LADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n Preview graphic\r\n \r\n \r\n PNG\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 0222537\r\n \r\n \r\n 0222618\r\n \r\n \r\n 0222754\r\n \r\n \r\n 0222904\r\n \r\n \r\n 0222905\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-07\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CURRENT SPEED - EAST/WEST COMPONENT (U)\r\n \r\n \r\n CURRENT SPEED - NORTH/SOUTH COMPONENT (V)\r\n \r\n \r\n HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n pressure sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n instrument\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n in situ\r\n \r\n \r\n physical\r\n \r\n \r\n profile\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n RV Nathaniel B. Palmer\r\n \r\n \r\n platform\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Scripps Institution of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Drake Passage\r\n \r\n \r\n Southern Ocean\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n WMO_CategoryCode\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2012-09-15\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Dynamics and Transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Drake Passage\r\n \r\n \r\n project\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n cDrake Experiment\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CIRCULATION > OCEAN CURRENTS\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN PRESSURE > WATER PRESSURE\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n u - east velocity, m/s\r\n \r\n \r\n uerr - estimate of velocity error, m/s\r\n \r\n \r\n v - north velocity, m/s\r\n \r\n \r\n z - depth, m\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Originator Variable Names\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ADCP > Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler\r\n \r\n \r\n PRESSURE SENSORS > PRESSURE SENSORS\r\n \r\n \r\n instrument\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ships\r\n \r\n \r\n platform\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NATHANIEL B. PALMER (call sign: WPB3210, ICES code: 3206, 1992-)\r\n \r\n \r\n platform\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Greenbelt\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n FBN5HP\r\n \r\n \r\n GN3N7P\r\n \r\n \r\n PF94AC\r\n \r\n \r\n T4200K\r\n \r\n \r\n TH5YHW\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Send2NCEI Submission Package ID\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n accessLevel: Public\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Cite as: Chereskin, Teresa K. (2020). Ocean currents from lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers (LADCP) of the cDrake Experiment in the Drake Passage with annual cruises of the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer from 2007 to 2011 assembled at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/SIO-cDrake-LADCP. Accessed [date].\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n For all but the Level 2 sets, the user is expected to have experience working with ocean current data to understand the limits of application of the LADCP data.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Fischer, J., & Visbeck, M. (1993). Deep Velocity Profiling with Self-contained ADCPs. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 10(5), 764\u2013773. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0764:dvpwsc>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1993-10\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0764:dvpwsc>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0764:dvpwsc>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0764:dvpwsc>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Fischer, J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Visbeck, M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n American Meteorological Society\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol.\r\n \r\n \r\n 10(5)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 0739-0572, ISSN 1520-0426, pp. 764-773\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n sciencePaper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Visbeck, M. (2002). Deep Velocity Profiling Using Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers: Bottom Track and Inverse Solutions*. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 19(5), 794\u2013807. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0794:dvpula>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2002-05\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0794:dvpula>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0794:dvpula>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0794:dvpula>2.0.co;2\r\n \r\n \r\n journal article\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Visbeck, Martin\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n American Meteorological Society\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol.\r\n \r\n \r\n 19(5)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ISSN 0739-0572, ISSN 1520-0426, pp. 794-807\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n sciencePaper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Caldwell, Patrick C.; Firing, Eric; Hummon, Julia M. (2001). Ocean currents measured by Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (SADCP) from global oceans as part of the Joint Archive (JASADCP) since 1985. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2001-04-16\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n International DOI Foundation (IDF)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n gov.noaa.nodc:NCEI-UH-JASADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97\r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Caldwell, Patrick C.\r\n \r\n \r\n US DOC/NOAA/NESDIS > National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Firing, Eric\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Hawai'i\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hummon, Julia M.\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Hawai'i\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n hummon@hawaii.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tableDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n collection\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n environment\r\n \r\n \r\n oceans\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n -70.0\r\n \r\n \r\n -58.0\r\n \r\n \r\n -63.0\r\n \r\n \r\n -52.0\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2007-11-13\r\n 2011-12-11\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n +1-301-713-3277\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.\r\n \r\n \r\n Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n netCDF\r\n \r\n \r\n netCDF-3\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 8421.64\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/SIO-cDrake-LADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Dataset Landing Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/granule/geoportal/?from=0&size=10&esdsl=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22analyze_wildcard%22%3Atrue%2C%22query%22%3A%22fileid%3ASIO-cDrake-LADCP.*%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%7D#searchPanel\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web browser\r\n \r\n \r\n Granule Search\r\n \r\n \r\n Search for data granules belonging to this collection (a granule is the smallest aggregation of data that can be independently described and retrieved).\r\n \r\n \r\n search\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n series\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0222537 v1.1 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-03T15:25:35Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0222618 v1.1 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-05T08:25:04Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0222754 v1.1 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-08T03:30:29Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0222904 v1.1 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-14T22:17:56Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Accession 0222905 v1.1 was published.\r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-12-14T22:23:33Z\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n asNeeded\r\n \r\n \r\n Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ADCP\r\n \r\n \r\n Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler\r\n\r\nThe Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measures currents beneath a ship while underway. Sound signals sent from the moving ship bounce back to receivers aboard the ship. This provides a profile of water movement relative to the ship-precise modern navigation, allowing the ship's motion to be subtracted from the data. These devices are also used on moorings and profilers and, along with acoustic backscattering, measure animal biomass. Particles in the path of the sound waves, mostly plankton, reflect a small part of the sound energy back toward receivers, allowing researchers to make remote estimates of the sizes and numbers of animals present in the water column. Before the 1970's, the most technologically advanced instrument used to measure water velocity was known as a Doppler speed log. This evolved into the first commercial ADCP, produced in the mid-1970's, which used averaging. Later in the 1970's, the first vessel-mounted ADCP was developed to measure water velocity more accurately and to allow measurement in range cells over a depth profile.\r\n\r\nAs instruments evolved, so did new techniques in Doppler signal processing. Initially, Doppler speed logs used simple analog signal processing methods, which are still used in some commercial speed logs today. However, the first ADCPs incorporated analog-to-digital signal conversion over a narrow communication bandwidth. Around 1990, this technique was developed into broadband signal processing. Since then, broadband ADCPs have been able to generate very accurate, real-time velocity measurements.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pressure sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pressure sensor\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD instruments - In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Pressure/Height Meters > PRESSURE SENSORS\r\n\r\nASFA Thesaurus - pressure sensors\r\nhttp://www4.fao.org/asfa/asfa.htm\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n RV Nathaniel B. Palmer\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Updated information from ICES for the vessel NATHANIEL B. PALMER from UNITED STATES.\r\nUse 3206 for all data attributed to the vessel NATHANIEL B. PALMER from UNITED STATES.\r\nThis platform has a current Call Sign = WPB3210 and two previous call signs, related to owner/company name changes since 1992. Previous call signs for NATHANIEL B. PALMER are:\r\nKUS1475 (1992 - ca. 1996)\r\nWCE9345 (ca. 1996 - mid-2006)\r\nWBP3210 (mid-2006 to present)\r\n\r\nName : NATHANIEL B. PALMER\r\nFlag : UNITED STATES - US (ISO Country Code)\r\nCall Sign : WBP3210\r\nTitle : RV\r\nPlatform Class : 31 Research vessel\r\nIMO : 9007257\r\nCommissioned Date : 1992\r\nCurrent Length : 86\r\nBuilt : 1992-03\r\nNotes : Data also found under previous call sign KUS1475\r\nLloyds URL : http://www.seasearcher.com/lmiu/vessels/overview.htm?vesselID=241527\r\n\r\nConfirmed by NOAA on 2013-11-19.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n","source_transform":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"non-public","contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information","hasEmail":"mailto:ncei.info@noaa.gov"},"describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"This collection holds the lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP) data collected from annual cruises within October to December on the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer as part of the cDrake Experiment 2007-2011. The goal of cDrake was to quantify the transport and understand the dynamical balances of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in Drake Passage. For this purpose, a transport line and a local dynamics array of Current and Pressure recording Inverted Echo Sounders (CPIES) and current meter moorings were deployed, spanning all of Drake Passage. Annual cruises were made to deploy (NBP0710), obtain data from (NBP0812, NBP0908, NBP1004) and recover (NBP1107) the CPIES. On each cruise, full depth CTD/LADCP profile casts were made for the purpose of calibrating the CPIES.\n\nThe LADCP provides a full-depth profile of ocean current from a self-contained ADCP mounted on the CTD rosette. Using the conventional \"shear method\" for processing (Fischer and Visbeck, 1993), overlapping profiles of vertical shear of horizontal velocity are averaged and gridded, to form a full-depth shear profile. The shear profile is integrated vertically to obtain the baroclinic velocity (velocity profile with zero depth-averaged mean value); the unknown integration constant is the depth-averaged or barotropic velocity. This barotropic component is computed as the sum of the time-averaged, measured velocity and the ship drift (minus a small correction, less than 1 cm/s, to account for a nonconstant fall rate). A newer method (\"inverse method\") improves the calculation by adding additional constraints, such as shipboard ADCP (SADCP) and bottom tracking, to solve for the velocity profile using a linear least squares inverse technique (Visbeck, 2002).\n\nLowered ADCP data makes use of ancillary information to produce the processed data product. The ancillary datasets include CTD data (used to estimate speed of sound, depth, vertical velocity), GPS (used to estimate ship drift), magnetic declination (for ADCP magnetic compass correction), and shipboard ADCP (added as a constraint for the inverse method). Data files for the processed set are in ASCII text and NetCDF. Raw data are given in a variety of formats, some proprietary binary files, and made available in case a user prefers to reprocess the set from \u201clevel-0\u201d status.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/SIO-cDrake-LADCP","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Dataset Landing Page"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Search for data granules belonging to this collection (a granule is the smallest aggregation of data that can be independently described and retrieved).","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/metadata/granule/geoportal/?from=0&size=10&esdsl=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22analyze_wildcard%22%3Atrue%2C%22query%22%3A%22fileid%3ASIO-cDrake-LADCP.*%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%7D#searchPanel","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"Granule Search"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"journal article","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0764:dvpwsc>2.0.co;2","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0764:dvpwsc>2.0.co;2"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"journal article","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0794:dvpula>2.0.co;2","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0794:dvpula>2.0.co;2"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"dataset","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords","downloadURL":"https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"GCMD Keyword Forum Page"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Information for contacts at NCEI.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Contact Information"}],"identifier":"gov.noaa.nodc:SIO-cDrake-LADCP","issued":"2020-12-01T00:00:00.000+00:00","keyword":["0222537","0222618","0222754","0222904","0222905","CURRENT SPEED - EAST/WEST COMPONENT (U)","CURRENT SPEED - NORTH/SOUTH COMPONENT (V)","HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE","ADCP","pressure sensor","in situ","physical","profile","RV Nathaniel B. Palmer","Scripps Institution of Oceanography","Scripps Institution of Oceanography","Drake Passage","Southern Ocean","oceanography","Dynamics and Transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Drake Passage","EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CIRCULATION > OCEAN CURRENTS","EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN PRESSURE > WATER PRESSURE","u - east velocity, m/s","uerr - estimate of velocity error, m/s","v - north velocity, m/s","z - depth, m","ADCP > Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler","PRESSURE SENSORS > PRESSURE SENSORS","Ships","NATHANIEL B. PALMER (call sign: WPB3210, ICES code: 3206, 1992-)","OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN","OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN","FBN5HP","GN3N7P","PF94AC","T4200K","TH5YHW"],"landingPage":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact","language":[],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","modified":"2020-12-14T00:00:00.000+00:00","publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information"},"references":["https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0764:dvpwsc>2.0.co;2","https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019<0794:dvpula>2.0.co;2","https://doi.org/10.25921/g961-ya97"],"rights":"otherRestrictions","spatial":"-58.0,-63.0,-70.0,-52.0","temporal":"2007-11-13T00:00:00+00:00/2011-12-11T00:00:00+00:00","title":"Ocean currents from lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers (LADCP) of the cDrake Experiment in the Drake Passage with annual cruises of the RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer from 2007 to 2011 assembled at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography"},"status":"error"}